AI-designed proteins boost snakebite treatment
Scientists in Denmark are leveraging artificial intelligence to develop new antivenoms aimed at aiding snakebite victims. The research team, led by Timothy Patrick Jenkins from the Technical University of Denmark and Nobel laureate David Baker from the University of Washington, is focused on creating antitoxins that are not only cheaper and easier to produce than traditional options but also potentially faster-acting.
The team is designing proteins that can neutralize the complex toxins found in snake venom, which can be lethal. Jenkins explained that snake venoms consist of various proteins, and the researchers utilize advanced techniques to identify the most medically relevant toxins. They then analyze the structures of these toxins and employ AI models to create proteins that can bind to and neutralize them, preventing harmful effects such as paralysis or cell destruction.
The proteins specifically target "three-finger toxins," which are potent neurotoxins that disrupt nerve signals. Early tests in mice have shown promising results, with survival rates between 80% and 100%. The World Health Organization estimates that there are approximately 5 million snakebites each year, resulting in 81,000 to 138,000 deaths, predominantly affecting agricultural workers and children in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
Jenkins highlighted the global scarcity of antivenoms and inadequate management of snakebites in many regions. While the new AI-designed proteins are not yet a complete replacement for existing antivenoms, the researchers aim for their work to supplement current treatments, making snakebite therapies more accessible, effective, and affordable. Jenkins expressed hope that within five years, the team will complete clinical trials and have a product ready for patient delivery.
